"In every man, of course, a demon lies hidden — the demon of rage," says the intellectual brother, Ivan, in Fyodor Dostoevsky's "The Brothers Karamazov," a theme to which the Russian novelist frequently returns.
It is also a theme central to the HBO series, "Barry," whose fourth and final season premiered on Sunday (4/16), as the show's titular hit man seeks to convince himself and others that he is ultimately a good person.
And while Bill Hader, the co-creator and star of "Barry," is reluctant to advertise the influence that Dostoevsky and other Russian authors have had on his Emmy-winning series, he disclosed that this kind of exploration of morality played a significant role in his creative process when he set out to make the show.
"I'm always like, 'Yeah, I don't watch a lot of TV.' But I leave out that part, that I was reading big Russian books," Hader laughed.
At the suggestion of his friend, author George Saunders, Hader took an interest in Russian literature and immersed himself in novels like Leo Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina" and "War and Peace."
One aspect of these stories which Hader sought to bring to "Barry" was their contentment in probing philosophical questions about human nature, violence and revenge without necessarily expecting to find answers.
"Barry" is billed as a comedy, though its dark content can preclude some from being able to enjoy its humor. It follows a Marine veteran-turned-hit man (Hader) who tries repeatedly but fails to denounce his profession after he takes an interest in acting.
If the premise sounds absurd, that's because it is.
"It's a bad, bad logline," said Stephen Root, who plays Fuches, Barry's handler and old family friend.
But many of the show's stars, including seasoned actors like Henry Winkler, sang the praises of "Barry" for its originality.
Although limited to 30-minute episodes, "Barry" isn't afraid to punch above its weight class, with clear inspiration from lauded cinema and prestige television like "The Sopranos" and "Twin Peaks."
Hader, described by his co-stars as a "total cinephile," relied heavily on his extensive knowledge of film when considering how the series would grapple with weighty questions like whether humans are intrinsically violent.
"It's always been really interesting to me, actually, is inherent violence within people," Hader said, citing films that have played a role in his meditation on the subject, including "A Clockwork Orange," "Goodfellas" and Terrence Malick's "The Thin Red Line."
Throughout the show, Barry struggles to break out of a ceaseless cycle of carnage, while maintaining over and over that he is not defined by his past.
By the end of the third season, Barry's actions have — either directly or indirectly — driven nearly every character to the precipice of violence. While those around him frequently describe Barry as "a violent guy," they themselves are almost always willing to pull the trigger when the opportunity for revenge presents itself.
But although Hader wanted to avoid facile portrayals of characters who are purely good or purely evil, he also hopes it is apparent that Barry is not someone he wants audiences to root for.
"It was weird how people did have sympathy for him. I think the thing was just trying to make him human," Hader said. "But what I always never want to lose focus of is that, you know, he murders people."
The final season further explores the implications of its characters' descent into crime and punishment, though the line between fantasy and reality is increasingly blurry, prompting the viewer to wonder how much, if any, of season four is meant to be understood as "real."
"Barry" often alludes to its self-awareness in its portrayals of both Hollywood tropes and murder. The horror that Barry's former acting teacher (Winkler) expresses in season four at the thought of "glorifying a psychopath" feels like a kind of nod to the show's humanization of a killer.
Barring its bleak subject matter, "Barry" is very much a comedy whose tendency to get dark is ameliorated by humor, though those moments of respite become increasingly rare and increasingly absurd as the show progresses.
But Winkler said that didn't stop their "fearless leader" from occasionally breaking out of character and into laughter throughout the making of the show.
"You'd see his shoulders bounce up and down because he's laughing. You have to remind him, 'You're in the scene, Bill,'" he said.
